MORE THAN A MEAL: HOW YOU EAT MATTERS (1)

Is eating alone bad for you?
不只是一頓飯 獨自一個人吃飯不好嗎？

When I was growing up, my family shared a home-cooked dinner every night. We would catch up on each other’s days and make plans together. Scarcely a dinner went by without a guest joining us, which added to the fun. Now, I prioritize dinnertime with my own family. By setting our cellphones aside, we strengthen our connection over a meal.

Studies confirm that shared family meals have physical and emotional benefits for children and youth. They reduce unhealthy eating habits, eating disorders, substance use, and depression. The benefits of communal eating aren’t just confined to family meals. A University of Oxford study found that people who place an emphasis on eating with others tend to feel happier and less alone. They feel better connected to their community and experience greater life satisfaction than those who usually eat alone.

Yet, modern culture has shifted away from communal meals and toward eating alone as people move farther from home, live alone and work at jobs with varying hours. According to Psychology Today, Americans are eating nearly half of their meals alone! East Asian countries like Japan and Korea are also experiencing this trend toward eating solo.

Language Lab
dinnertime n. 晚餐時間；吃晚餐的時候
the time of day when people usually eat dinner
- The children rushed inside as soon as they heard their mother call out that it was dinnertime.
孩子們一聽到媽媽喊說是晚餐時間，就立刻衝進屋裡。

dinner guest n phrase. 晚餐客人；一起來吃晚餐的客人
a person who is invited to someone’s home for dinner
- Each dinner guest brought a favorite dish from his home country to share at the potluck.
每一位晚餐客人都從自己的國家帶來一道拿手菜，和大家一起在聚餐中分享。

dinnerware n. 餐具；餐桌用具
plates, bowls, cups, and other items used for serving and eating meals
- She carefully set the table with her finest dinnerware for the holiday meal.
她為了節日大餐，小心地用最精緻的餐具把桌子擺好。

growing up verb phrase 成長過程中；從小到大的時候
- When I was growing up, my family shared a home-cooked dinner every night.
在我成長的過程中，我的家人每天晚上都會一起吃家裡煮的晚餐。

home-cooked adjective
prepared at home, especially food cooked by someone in their own kitchen
- My family enjoyed a home-cooked dinner together every night.
我的家人每天晚上都一起享用家裡煮的晚餐。

scarcely adverb 幾乎不；很少；難得
/ˈskɛrsli/
almost not; only just; very rarely
- Scarcely a dinner went by without a guest joining us.
幾乎沒有哪一頓晚餐是沒有客人一起參加的。

strengthen one’s connection verb phrase 加強彼此的連結；增進關係；拉近感情
to make a relationship or bond between people stronger
- By setting our cellphones aside, we strengthen our connection over a meal.
把手機放在一旁，我們在用餐時加深彼此的連結。

confine v. 限制；使（人或動物）待在某個範圍內；拘禁
/kənˈfaɪn/
to keep someone or something within limits or in a particular place
- They had to confine the dog to the backyard during the party.
派對期間，他們不得不把狗限制在後院。
- The prisoners were confined to their cells during the lockdown.
封鎖期間，囚犯被限制待在自己的牢房裡。

confinement n. 限制；拘禁；被迫待在某個地方的狀態
/kənˈfaɪnmənt/
the state of being kept within limits or in a particular place, often for a long period of time
- The patient’s long confinement to bed made her eager to walk again.
病人長時間臥床受限，讓她非常渴望再次走路。

disorder n. 失調；混亂；疾病（尤指身心方面的障礙）
/dɪsˈɔːrdər/
a condition in which something is not working properly, or a state of confusion or lack of order, especially related to health or behavior
- Eating disorders can have serious physical and emotional effects.
飲食失調可能對身體和心理造成嚴重影響。

depression n. 憂鬱；憂鬱症；情緒低落（尤指長期、嚴重的）
a mental health condition marked by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and loss of interest
- Depression can affect both a person’s mental and physical health.
憂鬱症會同時影響一個人的心理和身體健康。

communal adj. 共同的；共享的；社群的
/kəˈmjuːnəl/
shared by a group of people; relating to a community or shared activity
- Communal eating helps people feel more connected to others.
一起吃飯的共享用餐方式，能幫助人們感覺與他人更有連結。
- The dormitory had a communal kitchen where all the students cooked their meals. 
那棟宿舍有一間公共廚房，所有學生都在那裡煮飯。

commune (with) v. 與……深度交流、沉澱、連結
/kəˈmjuːn/
- She spent time in nature to commune with her thoughts.
她花時間待在大自然中，與自己的想法對話、沉澱心情。

emphasis n. 重視；強調；著重點
/ˈɛmfəsɪs/
special importance that is given to something
- The school places an emphasis on healthy eating habits.
這所學校很重視健康的飲食習慣。

modern culture noun phrase 現代文化；當代生活方式與價值觀
指的是現代社會中人們的生活型態、習慣、觀念與行為
（常用來對比 traditional culture 傳統文化）
the beliefs, customs, lifestyles, and values of people in today’s society
- Modern culture has changed the way people eat and socialize.
現代文化改變了人們用餐和社交的方式。

shift away from + (n.) verb phrase 逐漸遠離……；不再以……為主；從……轉變開來
to move gradually away from something, such as an idea, habit, or way of life
- Modern culture has shifted away from communal meals.
現代文化已逐漸遠離共同用餐的方式。

varying adj. 不同的；變動的；不固定的
/ˈveriɪŋ/
changing or differing from time to time or in different situations
- She works at a job with varying hours.
她從事一份工時不固定的工作。

trend toward + (V-ing / N.) noun phrase 走向……的趨勢；朝向……發展的現象 (通常用來描述社會、文化、行為的長期改變)
a general direction in which something is developing or changing
- Many countries are experiencing a trend toward eating alone.
許多國家正經歷走向獨自用餐的趨勢。

scarcely + 動詞 + without + V-ing / 幾乎沒有不做某件事的時候
- He scarcely passes a mirror without looking at himself.
他幾乎每次經過鏡子，都會看自己一眼。


Deep Dive
catch up phrasal verb
to talk with someone you haven’t seen for a while, or to reach the same level or state as others after being behind
① catch up (with someone)
- I called my cousin to catch up.
我打電話給我的表哥（表妹）敘敘舊。 

② catch up on (something)  補進度、補回缺的事情
- I stayed up all week studying. I need to catch up on sleep this weekend.
我整個星期都熬夜念書，這個週末需要補眠。

③ Let’s catch up! 找時間聊聊
- Let’s catch up over lunch!
我們找時間一起吃午餐聊聊吧！

THE STORY OF SPIDER-MAN (1)

THE STORY OF SPIDER-MAN
“With great power comes great responsibility” — Spider-Man’s Uncle Ben
蜘蛛人 能力愈大，責任愈大

When you think of a superhero, what comes to mind? Certainly not a skinny kid who is picked on and lacks the maturity to make good choices. But when a radioactive spider bites Peter Parker, the skinny boy changes into someone with man-sized spider strength. And Spider-Man is born.

This superhero, created in 1962 by Marvel comic-book writer Stan Lee and illustrator Steve Ditko, was an experiment. Spider-Man didn’t meet the standards of the typical superheroes: strong-looking, responsible adults whose moral compasses directed their actions. In fact, while Parker was enjoying flying between buildings using the webs shooting out from his wrists, he failed to stop a thief. The result was fatal for his beloved uncle. He was killed by that burglar. It was the turning point for Spider-Man.

From comics and cartoons to movies and games, Spider-Man ranks among the world’s top three superheroes. How has this awkward young guy remained popular for over 60 years? One fan says it is because he’s just normal, so people relate to him. As Spider-Man battles evil, his popularity won’t fade anytime soon.

當你想到「超級英雄」時，你會想到什麼？
你大概不會想到一個瘦弱、常被欺負、還缺乏做出正確選擇成熟度的小孩。
但當一隻受到輻射影響的蜘蛛咬了彼得．帕克之後，這個瘦弱的男孩變成擁有「成人級蜘蛛力量」的人。蜘蛛人就這樣誕生了。

這位超級英雄是由漫威的作家史丹‧李和插畫家史蒂夫‧迪特科在 1962 年所創造，當時其實只是一項嘗試。蜘蛛人一開始並不符合一般人心目中超級英雄的形象──那些看起來強壯、有責任感、且以道德為指引的成年人。事實上，在彼得‧帕克沉溺於使用從手腕射出的蜘蛛絲，在高樓之間飛來飛去時，他卻忽略了阻止一名小偷，而這個疏忽竟導致他最親愛的叔叔喪命。叔叔被那名竊賊殺害，這件事成為蜘蛛人人生中的重大轉捩點。

從漫畫、卡通到電影和遊戲，蜘蛛人一直名列世界前三大的超級英雄。但為什麼這個有點笨拙的年輕人可以紅超過六十年？有位粉絲認為，是因為他太普通了，大家都能在他身上看到自己。隨著蜘蛛人持續對抗邪惡，他的受歡迎程度短時間內絕對不會消退。

Language Lab

maturity n. 成熟、成熟度
/məˈtʊrəti/
- Evelyn’s parents explained that greater freedom and responsibility would come once she had reached a deeper level of maturity.
艾芙琳的父母向她解釋說，更多的自由和責任會在她達到更高程度的成熟時才會來臨。

mature adj. 成熟的；有成熟心智的
behaving in a way that shows emotional development, responsibility, and good judgment.
- As an only child who spent much of his time in the presence of adults, Isaac was unusually mature for his age.
由於是獨生子，而且大部分時間都在大人身邊，艾薩克在同齡孩子中表現得特別成熟。

maturation n. 成熟；成熟過程（特別指生物或生長的成熟）
/ˌmætʃəˈreɪʃən/
the process of becoming fully developed or mature, especially in biological growth.
- Understanding the stages of seed maturation will help you to obtain high-quality seeds and ensure a profitable crop.
了解種子成熟過程的不同階段，可以幫助你取得高品質的種子，並確保良好且有利可圖的收成。

pick on (phrasal verb) 欺負、找碴、針對某人
/pɪk ɑːn/

to repeatedly criticize, tease, or treat someone unfairly
The older kids always picked on him because he was smaller than them.
年紀較大的孩子總是欺負他，因為他比他們更瘦小。

radioactive adj. 放射性的；有放射能的
/ˌreɪdioʊˈæktɪv/
giving off radiation that can be harmful; containing or producing radioactive energy. 指「釋放出輻射能量」，可能會傷害生物或需要小心處理。
- The scientist warned that the material was highly radioactive and should be handled with extreme care. 
科學家警告說，這種物質具有高度放射性，必須極度小心處理。

change into + (n.) 變成…／轉變成… 
change into + noun = to become something different; to transform into a different state, form, or condition. 表示「從一種狀態變成另一種」。
- The caterpillar changes into a butterfly.
毛毛蟲會變成蝴蝶。

man-sized adj. 男性尺寸的；體型很大、像成年男性大小的
/ˈmænˌsaɪzd/
large enough or big enough for an adult man
- He ordered a man-sized steak that covered the entire plate.
他點了一份「男生尺寸」的大牛排，整個盤子都被蓋滿了。

web n. 蜘蛛網；網狀物
a thin, silky structure created by spiders to catch insects
- The large, intricate spider’s web glistened in the morning dew. 

巨大的、結構精細的蜘蛛網在晨露中閃閃發光。

web of lies n. 騙局；謊言的網；一連串互相連結的謊言
a complex set of lies that are connected to each other, like a spider’s web
- He spun a web of lies in hopes that he could keep his poor choices hidden.
他編造了一整套互相牽連的謊言，希望掩蓋自己做出的錯誤決定。

webinar n. 網路研討會；線上講座
/ˈwɛbəˌnɑːr/
an online seminar or presentation that people attend over the internet
- Though reluctant to attend the webinar at first, Zoe was drawn in by the dynamic and informative speaker.
雖然一開始不太想參加這場線上講座，但柔伊後來被那位生動又資訊豐富的主講人吸引住了。

illustrator n. 插畫家；繪圖者
/ˈɪləˌstreɪtər/
an artist who creates pictures for books, magazines, comics, advertisements, or digital media.
指為書籍、雜誌、漫畫、廣告或電腦媒體繪製插圖的人。
- The illustrator created vivid images that helped bring the story to life. 
這位插畫家創作了生動的圖畫，使故事更加栩栩如生。

moral compasses n. 道德指南針；道德判斷力
 /ˈmɔːrəl ˈkʌmpəs/
a person’s ability to judge what is right and wrong and to act accordingly.
指一個人分辨善惡、做出正確行為的「內在道德感」。
- A strong moral compass helps people make good decisions even in difficult situations.
良好的道德指南針能讓人在困難情況下仍然做出正確的決定。

shooting out phrasal verb 射出；迅速噴出；突然彈出
to move or be sent out suddenly and quickly, like being “fired” or “launched.”
- Spider-Man used the webs shooting out from his wrists to swing between the buildings.
蜘蛛人利用從手腕「射出」的蜘蛛絲在大樓之間飛躍。

fatal adj. 致命的；嚴重到造成死亡的 
/ˈfeɪtəl/
causing death; extremely harmful and leading to very serious consequences.
意思是「會導致死亡的」或「造成無法挽回後果的」。
- The result was fatal for his beloved uncle. 
結果對他最親愛的叔叔來說是致命的。

burglar n. 竊賊；闖入民宅行竊的人
/ˈbɜːrɡlər/
a person who enters a building illegally, usually a home, to steal things.
意思是「專門闖進房子偷東西」的賊，通常是入室竊盜。
- He was killed by that burglar.
他是被那名竊賊殺害的。

turning point n. 轉捩點；重大轉折時刻
a moment when an important change happens that affects the future direction of a person’s life, a story, or a situation.
指某件事情出現重大改變的時刻，之後的方向會完全不同。
- Graduating from college was a turning point in her life.
大學畢業是她人生的重要轉捩點。

awkward adj. 尷尬的；笨拙的；不自在的
/ˈɔːkwərd/
causing discomfort, embarrassment, or difficulty; lacking grace or coordination.
意思是讓人覺得不自在、尷尬，或形容一個人動作笨拙、不靈活。
- Running into her ex-boyfriend and his new girlfriend at the store was an awkward experience for Mila.
在商店遇到前男友和他的現任女友，對米拉來說是非常尷尬的經驗。

put (someone) in an awkward position 讓某人陷入尷尬的處境；讓某人左右為難
to cause someone to be in a situation where they feel uncomfortable, embarrassed, or forced to choose between difficult options.
意思是讓某人落入一個不自在、難堪、很為難、必須選邊站的情況。
- Because Thomas was good friends with both Logan and Ella, their breakup put him in an awkward position where he felt like he needed to take sides.
因為 Thomas 同時跟 Logan 和 Ella 都是好朋友，他們的分手讓他陷入尷尬的處境，覺得自己好像必須選邊站。

comics n.
illustrated stories told in a sequence of drawings, often published in magazines or books.
- He has collected comics since he was a child.
他從小就開始收藏漫畫。

rank v. 某人在某群體或清單中的位置、等級、排名。
is in a particular position or level compared to others;
- The school ranks first in the state.
這所學校在全州排名第一。

normal adj. 正常的、一般的
usual, ordinary, or expected;
- It’s normal to feel nervous before a test.
考試前緊張是很正常的。

relate to + (n) (phr. v.) 產生共鳴、認同、理解
to understand or feel connected to something or someone
指能理解某人的處境或感受，覺得自己跟某個情況有共鳴。
- Many students can relate to the stress of exams.
很多學生都能理解考試的壓力。
- I can’t relate to that story at all.
我完全無法對那個故事產生共鳴。


Deep Dive
With great power comes great responsibility.
能力越大，責任越大。
come with (phrasal verb) 隨附；伴隨；附帶
to include something as part of a set, package, or situation; something that is naturally connected to something else. 意思是「隨附／附帶某物」，或「某件事自然伴隨另一件事」。
- The meal comes with a drink and a side dish.
這個餐點附有飲料和配菜。
- The job comes with a lot of stress.
這份工作伴隨著很大的壓力。

Usage Tip
As + S1 + V1, S2 + V2
As + 主詞1 + 動詞1, 主詞2 + 動詞2
文法用法：表「當……的時候」或「隨著……」
As is used to show two actions happening at the same time.
第一件事情發生的同時，第二件事情也開始發生。
As the sun set, the lights in the city began to glow.
當太陽落下時，城市裡的燈光開始亮起來。

- As the rain got heavier, people rushed inside the shops.
隨著雨越下越大，人們趕緊跑進店裡躲雨。
- As I grew older, I became more independent.
隨著我年紀變大，我變得更獨立。

BLUE ZONES® (2)

Exercise is necessary for good health, but people in blue zones generally do not designate time for deliberate exercise such as going to the gym. Instead, activity is built into daily life as they walk from place to place and do physical chores such as gardening and cleaning.

People in blue zones tend to have a strong sense of purpose and often a commitment to religious faith. This purpose motivates them to make healthy choices and can help their mental health.

Many families in blue zones live in homes where multiple generations reside together. This arrangement provides emotional and practical support for both the old and the young. And the communities tend to be tight-knit so that people have social support beyond their biological family.

People who do not live in blue zones can still benefit from the insights gained from studying these cultures. Anyone can adjust their diet and some lifestyle factors, but changing community structure is a bit more difficult.

There is now, however, a corporation called Blue Zones LLC that works with communities to make them more like blue zones. Their Blue Zones Project has seen success in several cities in the United States.

As people adopt the customs of those in blue zones, they may end up living longer and healthier lives than ever.

運動對健康當然很重要，但在「藍區」的人們通常不會特別安排時間刻意去運動，比如上健身房。相反地，他們把活動量自然融入每天的生活之中──像是步行到各個地方、做園藝、或打掃家裡等需動手的家務。

藍區的人們通常具有強烈的人生目標感，並且多半對宗教信仰有一定的投入。這份目標感會促使他們做出更健康的選擇，也能幫助維持良好的心理健康。

在藍區，許多家庭是多代同堂，住在同一個屋簷下。這樣的生活方式能為長輩與晚輩提供情感和日常生活上的支持。而且這些社區的關係非常緊密，因此人們能獲得超越血緣家庭之外的社會支持。

不住在藍區的人，也可以從研究這些文化中得到啟發與好處。任何人都可以調整飲食和生活方式的一些部分，但要改變整個社區的結構就比較困難了。然而現在，有一家名為「Blue Zones LLC」的公司，專門協助社區改造，使它們更接近藍區的模式。他們的「藍區計畫」已經在美國的好幾個城市取得成功。隨著人們採用藍區居民的習慣，他們可能會比以往活得更久、更健康。

Language Lab

chore n. 家務事、雜事
/tʃɔːr/
A routine task, especially one that is boring or involves physical work.
- Knowing she couldn’t leave until her chores were done, she finished in time to attend her friend’s party.
她知道在做完家事之前不能離開，所以她及時完成，好去參加朋友的派對。

chore chart n. 務表、家事分配圖、工作分配表（常用來安排誰做哪些家務）
a chart used to assign and track household tasks
- The teacher used a chore chart to remind students of their daily cleaning tasks in their classroom.
老師使用家務表提醒學生在教室裡每日要完成的清潔任務。

errand n. 差事、小事、跑腿的任務
/ˈerənd/
a short trip to do a specific task, such as buying groceries, mailing a package, or picking something up.
- I was exhausted after spending a full day running errands all over town.
我跑了一整天的各種差事，累癱了。

generally adv. 通常、一般來說、大致上
in most cases; usually; most of the time
- People in blue zones generally do not designate time for deliberate exercise.
藍區的人一般不會特別安排刻意的運動時間。

designate v. 指派；指定；標明；標示
/ˈdɛzɪɡˌneɪt/
to officially choose or set something for a particular purpose
- The teacher designated today as reading day.
老師把今天指定為閱讀日。
- This area is designated for parents only.
這個區域是專門指定給家長使用的。

built into + (noun) 被「內建在…裡」、被「融入…當中」
Something is included inside something else as a natural or permanent part.
- The new phone has a camera built into the screen.
新手機的螢幕裡內建相機。
- Exercise is built into their daily routine.
運動已經內建在他們的每日習慣中。（自然生活習慣的一部分）

physical adj. 身體的
physical means something related to the body, not the mind or emotions.
- Physical exercise is important for good health.
身體運動對健康很重要。

commitment n. 承諾、投入、責任感、長期的堅持
A promise to do something; You say you will do it, and you mean it.
- They made a commitment to always be there for each other no matter what.
他們承諾無論發生什麼事，都會一直互相支持。
- She made a commitment to study English every day.
她承諾每天讀英文。
commit v.
To promise to do something; You decide and say you will do it.
- He was committed to a mental health facility once his disturbing hallucinations began to put him and others in danger.
當他那些令人不安的幻覺開始危及自己和他人時，他被送進精神醫療機構。

commit (something) to memory 把某件事「牢記在心」或「背起來」
To memorize something; to learn it so well that you can remember it without looking. 
- I’ve had this number for over a year, but I’m embarrassed to admit that I have yet to commit it to memory.
我這個號碼已經用了超過一年，但我很不好意思承認我到現在還沒把它背起來。

sense of purpose 「人生目標感、使命感」
A feeling that your life has meaning and direction; knowing what you want to do and why you are doing it.
- Having a sense of purpose helps people stay motivated.
有目標感能讓人更有動力。

religious n.宗教的；虔誠的
- There are many religious traditions in this country.
這個國家有許多宗教傳統。

reside v. 居住、定居
reside = live（住在） 是比較正式的說法，用在書面語、學術文章、新聞。
- They reside in Tokyo.
他們住在東京。
- She resides in a small apartment near campus.
她住在校園附近的一間小公寓。

practical adj. 實際的、實用的、務實的
Something you can really use, not just an idea.
This plan is practical. 這個計畫是可行的／務實的。

tight-knit adj. 關係緊密的、團結的、互相支持的
/ˌtaɪtˈnɪt/
A tight-knit group is very close, supportive, and strongly connected. People care about each other and help one another.
- They come from a tight-knit community.
他們來自一個關係緊密的社區。

adopt something v. 開始使用、接受、或採用某個方法、做法、想法等
To start using, doing, or accepting something as your own.
- The school adopted a new teaching method.
學校採用了新的教學方式。

insight v. 洞察力,深入了解, 對事情的理解 
the ability to clearly understand a situation, person, or thing.
- Her cultural insight was shaped by her childhood travels abroad with her family.
她對文化的洞察力，是在童年時和家人出國旅行時培養出來的。

insightful adj. 有洞察力的；看得很透徹的；很有見地的
An insightful person or comment shows a deep understanding of something.
- The players benefited from their coach’s insightful feedback on their strengths and weaknesses. 
球員們從教練有洞察力的回饋中受益，特別是關於他們的優點和缺點。

insightfulness n. 「有洞察力」、「看事情很透徹」、「能抓到重點、理解深刻」的特質。
the quality of having deep understanding, clear perception, or the ability to notice important details that others might miss.
- The author’s insightfulness offered a fresh perspective on the subject which helped spark a cultural shift. 作者的洞察力提供了一個嶄新的觀點，並促成了一場文化上的轉變。

factor n. 「影響結果的因素」、「成因」、「關鍵條件」
things that influence or affect a result, situation, or outcome.
- Many factors affect a person’s health, such as diet, exercise, and stress.
許多因素會影響一個人的健康，例如飲食、運動和壓力。
- Price is one of the factors people consider when buying a car.
價格是人們買車時考慮的因素之一。

structure n. 「結構」、「架構」、「組織方式」、「安排方式」
the way parts are organized or arranged to form a whole
- We studied the structure of a paragraph in class.
我們在課堂上學習段落的結構。

corporation n. 「大公司」、「企業法人」、「股份有限公司」
a large company or business organization that is legally recognized as a single entity
- She works for a big international corporation.
她在一家大型的國際企業工作。

Usage Tip

形容詞比較級 + than ever 現在比以往任何時候都更……
This pattern means something is more (adjective) now than at any time before.
- She is happier than ever.
她現在比以前任何時候都更快樂。
- He is more confident than ever.
他比以往更有自信。
- The team is stronger than ever.
這個團隊現在比以前更強大。

BLUE ZONES® (1)

BLUE ZONES®
What is different about communities where people live especially long lives?
「藍區」概念 這個擁有高比例長壽人口的地帶， 有何特別之處？

Everyone wants to live a long, healthy life, and so it's no surprise that researchers are looking into ways to make that happen. One approach is to study areas where people have longer-than-average lifespans known as blue zones and see what these communities do to promote longevity.

Dan Buettner’s book The Blue Zones® introduced the concept of blue zones — five regions spread out across three continents where people live unusually long and healthy lives. In one early phase of their research, researchers identified these places and marked them on a map with blue circles, which inspired the term blue zones.

After identifying the blue zones, Buettner investigated their cultures, seeking insight into why their people are so healthy and long-lived. His team identified nine commonplace lifestyle practices known as the “Power 9,” which create supportive environments that foster physical, mental and emotional health.

Although the details varied, a common feature in the diets of people in blue zones is they follow primarily or exclusively plant-based diets. Those who eat meat typically only do so four or five times a month. They also typically either fast regularly or limit the amount they eat. For example, in Okinawa, one of the blue zones, people make a point of eating only until they feel 80 percent full. Additionally, they drink wine in moderation.

每個人都希望自己能活得長壽又健康，因此研究人員試圖找出讓人們達到這個目標的方法，也就不令人意外了。其中一種做法，是研究那些居民平均壽命明顯較長的地區，這些地方被稱為「藍區」（Blue Zones），看看這些社區是怎麼促進長壽的。

Dan Buettner 的著作《The Blue Zones®》首次提出「藍區」的概念，指出在三大洲中分布著五個地區，那裡的人們普遍活得特別長且健康。在研究的早期階段，研究員先辨識出這些地點，並在地圖上用藍色圓圈標記，從而誕生了「藍區」這個名稱。

在確認哪些地區屬於藍區後，Buettner 進一步研究當地的文化，想了解為什麼這些地方的人們能保持如此健康又長壽。他的研究團隊找出了九項共同的生活方式習慣，被稱為「力量九」（Power 9），這些習慣創造出有助於身心健康的支持性環境，涵蓋身體、心理與情緒層面。

雖然細節因地區而異，但藍區居民的飲食模式有一個共同點：大多以植物性食物為主，有些甚至完全吃素。即便會吃肉的人，也通常一個月只吃四、五次。此外，他們也常常進行斷食，或刻意控制食量。例如，在作為藍區之一的沖繩，人們習慣「吃到八分飽」就停止。除此之外，他們也會適量飲用葡萄酒。

Language Lab

Longevity n. 長壽；壽命長久
/lɑːnˈdʒev.ə.ti/
the ability to live for a long time; the length of a person’s life.
- Longevity runs in my family — all four of my grandparents lived until their late 90s.
我們家族很長壽——我四位祖父母都活到九十多歲。

for the long haul idiom / phrase 長期地；著眼長遠；持久地
not short-term; something you stay with for a long time
- Building longevity in a career requires commitment for the long haul.
要在職涯中建立長久的持續力，需要長期的投入與承諾。

stand the test of time idiom / phrase 經得起時間考驗；歷久不衰；長久受到肯定
to remain strong, popular, effective, or respected for a long period of time.
- Her designs have stood the test of time, admired across generations.
她的設計經得起時間的考驗，受到好幾代人的喜愛。

communities n.
a group of people who live in the same place or share common interests, values, or identity.
- Researchers study blue zones and see what these communities do to promote longevity.
研究人員研究藍色地帶，看看這些社區是如何促進長壽的。

it's no surprise phrase / expression
something is expected or not shocking.
- Everyone wants to live a long, healthy life, and so it’s no surprise that researchers are looking into ways to make that happen.
每個人都想活得長壽又健康，因此研究人員努力研究如何做到這一點也就不足為奇了。

lifespan n. 壽命；生命長度；生命週期
/ˈlaɪfˌspænz/
the length of time a person, animal, or thing is expected to live.
- areas where people have longer-than-average lifespans
人們壽命比平均值更長的地區
- The average lifespan of a turtle is much longer than that of most mammals.
烏龜的平均壽命比大多數哺乳動物長得多。

promote v.
to help something grow, develop, or become more successful.
- These communities do certain things to promote longevity.
這些社區透過某些做法來促進長壽。

phase n. 階段、時期、階段性部分
/feɪz/
A phase is a distinct period or stage in a process of development, change, or progression.
- Phase 2 of the building development will begin in 2027.
建築開發的第二階段將在 2027 年開始。

go through a phase phrasal expression / idiom 經歷一段時期（通常指暫時的、階段性的行為或情緒變化）
To experience a temporary period of change in behavior, emotions, or interests, especially as part of normal development.
- The mother picked up the screaming child sprawled on the store floor and said to nearby customers, “She’s just going through a phase.”
媽媽把在店裡地板上大喊大叫的小孩抱起來，對附近的客人說：「她只是正在經歷一個階段而已。」

phase out phrasal verb 逐步淘汰、逐步停止使用、逐漸廢除
To gradually stop using, producing, or providing something.
- The company plans on phasing out its older models to focus on offering newer ones to customers.
公司計劃逐步淘汰較舊的機型，以便專注於向顧客提供較新的產品。

spread out phrasal verb
1. To extend or distribute over a large area 
2. To move apart so there is more space between people or things
3. To unfold or lay something flat
- The five blue zones are spread out across three continents.
這五個藍色地帶分布在三個大洲。

insight n. 洞察力、深入了解、見解、洞見
A deep understanding of a person or thing
- Her insight into human behavior is impressive.
她對人類行為的洞察力令人印象深刻。

commonplace adj. 普通的；常見的；司空見慣的
Something that happens often and is not unusual.
- Good communication skills are becoming increasingly commonplace in modern workplaces.
良好的溝通能力在現代職場中越來越普遍。

foster v. 促進、培養、培育、助長
To encourage the development of something; to help something grow or develop.
- Creating a supportive environment can foster physical, mental, and emotional health.
建立一個支持性的環境能夠促進身體、心理和情緒的健康。

make a point of (doing) something (phrasal expression) 特別注意去做某事；刻意去做；堅持一定要做
To make a special effort to do something because you think it is important.
- She makes a point of exercising every day.
她特別堅持每天運動。

exclusively adv. 僅僅；專門地；排他地
/ɪkˈskluːsɪvli/
Used to mean only, with no others included.
- Our organization’s outreach efforts are funded exclusively by private donations from our loyal supporters.
我們組織的外展活動完全由忠實支持者的私人捐款資助。

exclusive adj. 專屬的、獨有的、排外的
/ɪkˈskluː.sɪv/
exclusive means something that is available only to a particular group of people, not shared with others.
- Though she knew it would open doors for her future, she hated attending the exclusive school where she couldn’t relate to her wealthy classmates.
儘管她知道那所學校會為她的未來帶來更多機會，她仍然討厭去念那間「菁英專屬」的學校，因為她無法與那些富有的同學產生共鳴。

exclusive n. 獨家新聞
An exclusive is a news story that is published by only one media outlet and not shared with others.
- His exclusive on corruption in city government was published by the Chicago City Wire.
他那篇關於市政府貪腐的 獨家報導 被《Chicago City Wire》刊登了。

feature n. 特點、特色、特徵
A feature is a noticeable or important characteristic of something.
- This phone’s best feature is its long battery life.
這支手機最好的特色是電池續航力很長。

diet n. 飲食，日常飲食
/ˈdaɪ.ət/
The kinds of food that a person or animal usually eats.
- A balanced diet is important for good health.
均衡飲食對健康很重要。

fast v. 禁食、斷食、齋戒
To eat no food for a period of time, often for religious or health reasons.
- Many people fast for health benefits.
很多人為健康利益而進行禁食。

moderation n. 適度、節制、適量、不過度
not too much and not too little; the quality of doing something in a balanced way.
- Eating in moderation can help improve overall health.
適量飲食有助於提升整體健康。

make a point of + V-ing phrasal expression 特別注意去做；刻意去做；堅持一定要做
To make a special effort to do something because you think it’s important.
- She makes a point of exercising every day.
她特別堅持每天運動。
- He made a point of thanking everyone who helped him.
他特別去感謝每一位幫助過他的人。

make a point (about something)  提出重點；說明一個觀點；強調某事
To express an important idea or opinion clearly.
- During the meeting, she made a point about starting earlier.
在會議中，她提出了要更早開始的重點。
- He made a good point.
他提出了一個很好的觀點。

AN UNFORGETTABLE NORTHERN ADVENTURE (2)

AN UNFORGETTABLE NORTHERN ADVENTURE 
Where polar bears wander under dancing skies
難忘的北方之旅
看北極熊在舞動的 天空下漫遊

While you’re there, watch for the northern lights, also known as the aurora borealis! During winter especially, they spin around and dance in the night skies.

Dogs have always been a crucial part of Churchill’s history, so take the opportunity to learn about them. Then befriend some sled dogs, and go on an adventure-filled dogsled ride through the forest.

Churchill offers an entirely different experience when summer returns as several thousand beluga whales migrate into the Churchill River. They give birth and feed their babies while there. Join a kayak tour and float alongside the gentle creatures as they pop out of the water to watch you. Feeling brave? Try snorkeling among these friendly white whales!

Surprisingly, Churchill is a birdwatcher’s paradise. More than 250 species of birds either build nests in, or pass through, Churchill and the surrounding area during their annual migrations.

Several historic locations also hold great interest. Learn about the French and English rivalry over control of the fur trade in the 1700s at the Prince of Wales Fort. And nearby Cape Merry houses equipment that helped defend the area during the same era. Churchill isn’t just a destination — it’s an adventure like no other.

當你在那裡時，別忘了欣賞北極光，也被稱為「極光」！特別是在冬天，它們會在夜空中旋轉、閃耀、跳舞。

狗一直在丘吉爾的歷史中扮演重要角色，所以一定要把握機會了解牠們。然後和一些雪橇犬做朋友，再來一趟充滿冒險的狗拉雪橇森林之旅。

當夏天回來時，丘吉爾會呈現完全不同的體驗，因為有幾千隻白鯨會遷徙到丘吉爾河。牠們會在那裡生產並照顧幼鯨。你可以參加皮划艇之旅，沿著河流漂浮，與這些溫柔的生物並肩而行，牠們會突然從水中冒出來，好奇地看著你。
想更勇敢一點嗎？試著跟這些友善的白鯨一起浮潛吧！

令人驚訝的是，丘吉爾也是賞鳥者的天堂。超過 250 種鳥類會在年度遷徙期間，在丘吉爾和周邊地區築巢或飛越這裡。

幾個歷史地點也非常值得參觀。你可以在威爾斯王子堡了解法國與英國在 1700 年代爭奪皮草貿易控制權的競爭。附近的梅里岬還保存著當時用來保護這片土地的防禦設備。

丘吉爾不僅僅是一個目的地，它是一段全世界獨一無二的冒險旅程。

Language Lab
northern lights 北極光
- I recently discovered an app that notifies me when I am likely to see the northern lights in my area. 
我最近發現了一個應用程式，它會在我附近有可能看到北極光時通知我。
- The first recorded sighting of the northern lights dates to 680 to 655 BCE, when the Assyrians and Babylonians described a “red glow”.
最早有記載的北極光出現在西元前680年至前655年，當時亞述人和巴比倫人描述了一種「紅色光芒」。

aurora borealis 極光（北極光）
/ɔːˈrɔːrə/  /ˌbɔːriˈælɪs/
- Aurora borealis, the scientific name for the northern lights, means “sunrise north wind” in Greek.
“Aurora borealis” 是北極光的科學名稱，在希臘語中意思是「日出・北風」。

migrate（動詞）遷徙；移動；移居
/ˈmaɪɡreɪt/
To move from one place to another, usually because of weather or seasons.
-The familiar V of Canada geese migrating south to the U.S. for the winter signaled the arrival of fall.
加拿大雁為了過冬，往美國南方飛行時形成熟悉的 V 字隊形，這表示秋天的到來。

migration（名詞）遷徙、遷移（這個行為／過程）
/maɪˈɡreɪʃən/
- I’ve lost several files during the migration of data from the old system to the new one.
我在將資料從舊系統轉移到新系統的遷移過程中遺失了幾個檔案。

immigrate（動詞）移入；移民到某國
/ˈɪmɪˌɡreɪt/
To move to a new country to live there permanently.
- My parents immigrated to Australia because of better work and educational opportunities.
我的父母因為更好的工作和教育機會而移民到澳洲。

era n. 時代；年代；時期 
 /ˈer.ə/
- Aaron may have been obsessed with the Jurassic era when he was young, but he was unenthusiastic about his family’s visit to the dinosaur museum as a teenager.
當 Aaron 小時候，他可能對侏羅紀時代非常著迷，但在青少年時期，他卻對全家去恐龍博物館的旅行興致缺缺。
- Scarlette loved volunteering at the historical park where she dressed and acted as though she was from the Victorian era. 
Scarlette 很喜歡在那座歷史公園做志工，在那裡她會穿著服裝、表演得好像她是來自維多利亞時代的人一樣。

Common Era (CE)  公元紀年
- The first year of the Gregorian calendar begins the Common Era (CE), while events before it are labeled Before the Common Era (BCE).
格里高利曆（Gregorian calendar）的第一年開始了「公元紀年」（CE），而在此之前發生的事件則標示為「公元前」（BCE）。

crucial 
important, essential, vital
- Sleep is crucial for good health.

befriend (動詞) 與……交朋友；對……表示友好
To become friends with someone or act in a friendly way toward them.
- She tried to befriend the new student.
她試著與新同學交朋友。
- They befriended a stray dog.
他們與一隻流浪狗建立了友誼。
- He befriended his neighbors when he moved in.
他搬進來時就與鄰居們交上了朋友。 

sled n. 雪橇
/slɛd/ 
A vehicle used for sliding over snow or ice.
- The children rode a sled down the snowy hill.
孩子們坐著雪橇從雪山坡滑下來。

alongside （介系詞 / 副詞） 在……旁邊；與……一起
next to someone or something; together with
- The dog swam alongside the boat.
那隻狗在船旁邊游泳。
- She worked alongside her classmates on the project.
她和同學一起做這個專案。
- We walked alongside the river.
我們沿著河邊散步。

pop out of + (n) （片語動詞）突然從……冒出來；突然從……出現
To suddenly appear from a place.
- The dolphin popped out of the water.
那隻海豚突然從水裡冒出來。
- A rabbit popped out of the hole.
一隻兔子從洞裡跳出來。
- The toy popped out of the box.
那個玩具從盒子裡蹦出來。
- His head popped out of the window.
他的頭突然從窗戶探出來。

hold great interest (verb phrase）非常引人興趣、具有很大的吸引力
- Several historic locations also hold great interest.
好幾個歷史地點也很有吸引力。
- This topic holds great interest for scientists.
這個主題對科學家來說非常有研究價值。
- The movie holds great interest for teenagers.
這部電影對青少年來說很有吸引力。
- Her unusual story holds great interest to the public.
她不尋常的故事讓大眾非常好奇。

rivalry 競爭、對抗指兩方（或多方）長期互相競爭的關係
/ˈraɪ.vəl.ri/
- There has always been a strong rivalry between the two schools.
這兩所學校之間一直存在著激烈的競爭。 
- Sibling rivalry is common in many families.
兄弟姊妹之間的競爭在許多家庭中很常見。

cape n. 海角、岬角（地理）
指海岸線向海突出的一塊陸地。影片中的 Cape Merry 就是地理名詞。
- Cape Merry has equipment that once helped defend the area.
梅里岬角曾設置設備來保護這個地區。
- The lighthouse was built on a rocky cape.
燈塔建在多石的海角上。

defend v.
To protect someone or something from harm, danger, or attack. 
-  Soldiers defend their country from enemies.

like no other phrase / expression
Something that is unique and very special; nothing else is the same.
- This cake is like no other — it tastes amazing.
這個蛋糕獨一無二——味道超棒。
- Their friendship is like no other.
他們的友誼非常特別。
- Churchill is an adventure like no other.
Churchill 是一段獨一無二的冒險旅程。

watch for (something)

留意、等候、注意是否會出現某物

To look out for something; to pay attention and wait for something to appear.
- Watch for the northern lights tonight! 今晚留意一下北極光！
- Watch for cars before crossing the street. 過馬路前要注意車輛。

watch for it

留心某件特定的事情或信號（通常指前面提過的內容）

A shortened form of “watch for it,” referring to something already mentioned.
- The meteor shower will start soon. Watch for it! 流星雨快開始了，要留意喔！
- The bus is coming. Watch for it at the corner. 公車快到了，要看著路口喔。

watch out

小心！注意危險！（比 watch for 緊急很多）

A warning meaning “be careful” or “look out for danger.”

-  Watch out! There’s ice on the road. 小心！路上有冰很滑
-   Watch out for that car!  小心那台車！

keep watch

守望、警戒、值班、看守（比較正式）

To stay alert and guard or monitor a place; to stay awake to watch for danger.
- A park ranger kept watch overnight to protect the campsite. 公園管理員整夜守望以保護營地。
- While others slept, he kept watch. 當其他人睡覺時，他保持警戒。

THE PRESENT: THE SECRET TO ENJOYING YOUR WORK AND LIFE, NOW! (1)

THE PRESENT: THE SECRET TO ENJOYING YOUR WORK AND LIFE, NOW!
Live fully by focusing on now
當下的《禮物》 專注當下、把握現在， 活出精彩人生

Everyone wants to enjoy life more — but rarely is it clear how we should do that. In The Present, Spencer Johnson offers a formula that is simple but powerful: The key is to live fully in the present moment. Through a short and inspiring story, Johnson explains how embracing “the Present” can help us forge more happiness and success in both work and life. 

His book isn’t a mainstream self-help book but a story that follows a young man who seeks advice from a wise old friend. The young man is frustrated with his job, his relationships and his sense of direction. The older man shares the secret of living a good life, something he calls “the Present.” At first, the young man doesn’t understand. But as he listens and applies what he learns, his life begins to change.

According to the book, “the Present” is not a gift or an object — it’s a way of living. It means being fully engaged in the moment and free from both regrets and fears of the future. When we live that way, we are more focused, more productive and more content. But learning to live in the present takes practice — and courage.

每個人都想要更享受生活——但我們往往不清楚該怎麼做到。在《The Present》這本書裡，Spencer Johnson 提出了一個簡單卻力量強大的方法：關鍵就在於全然活在當下。透過一個簡短又具啟發性的故事，Johnson 說明擁抱「當下」如何幫助我們在工作與人生中創造更多的幸福與成功。

他的書不是一般常見的自我成長書，而是一個故事，講述一位年輕人向一位智慧的老朋友尋求建議。這位年輕人對他的工作、人際關係，以及人生方向都感到迷惘與挫折。

這位老朋友分享了過好人生的祕訣，他稱之為「當下」。一開始，年輕人並不理解。
但當他開始聆聽並實際運用所學後，他的人生便開始發生改變。

根據這本書的說法，「當下」並不是一份禮物或某個實體物件，而是一種生活方式。它指的是全心投入當下的每一刻，不被過去的遺憾或未來的恐懼所束縛。當我們能這樣生活時，我們會更專注、更有效率，也更滿足。然而，學會活在當下需要練習——也需要勇氣。

Language Lab
formula n. 公式；方法；配方
A set of rules or a method for doing something, especially in math or science.
- Is this the correct formula for solving this math equation?
這是解這個數學方程式的正確公式嗎？

formulalic adj.公式化的；老套的；缺乏新意的
/ˌfɔːr.mjəˈleɪ.ɪk/
something that follows a fixed pattern, making it predictable and not creative.
- I don’t find that show to be funny because it relies on formulalic jokes that are easy to predict.
我覺得那個節目不好笑，因為它依賴老套、很容易猜到的笑話。

formulation n. 制定、形成（某理論、方案的）過程; 配方、構成方式
The process of developing or creating something carefully and systematically
A specific version or composition of something
- Please explain how this theory’s formulation developed.
請解釋這個理論的制定（或形成）是如何發展出來的。

live fully phrase 活得充實; 全心全意地活在當下
to live in a complete, engaged, and meaningful way, being present and appreciating each moment.
- The key is to live fully in the present moment.
重點是要全心全意地活在當下。

focus on phrasal verb
to give your attention to something; to concentrate on something.
- I need to focus on my homework right now.
我現在需要專心在我的家庭作業上。

inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的
something that makes you feel excited, encouraged, or motivated to do something.
- It was an inspiring speech that made everyone want to work harder.
那是一場鼓舞人心的演講，讓每個人都想更努力工作。

forge v. 建立、形成（尤指努力後建立起來的關係、聯繫）; 偽造（尤指非法製作文件或簽名）
/fɔːrdʒ/
Meaning 1: to create or develop something strong over time
Meaning 2: to make a fake copy of something (illegal)
- Johnson explains how embracing “the Present” can help us forge more happiness and success in both work and life.
Johnson 說明擁抱「當下」如何幫助我們在工作與生活中創造更多的幸福與成功。

mainstream adj. 主流的
Representing the ideas, attitudes, or activities that are regarded as normal or conventional; dominant trends in society.
- I’m writing a research paper on the impact of mainstream media on the public.
我正在寫一篇研究論文，探討主流媒體對大眾的影響。
- Heather’s music taste is quite mainstream, whereas Hunter prefers obscure bands.
希瑟的音樂品味相當主流，而亨特則偏好不知名的樂團。
mainstream n. 主流
the ideas, attitudes, or activities that are regarded as normal or conventional
- His independent film became such a hit that it became part of the mainstream.
他的獨立電影非常受歡迎，甚至成為主流的一部分。

self-help n. 自我成長、自助、自我改善
the act of improving oneself without relying on others; especially through books, courses, or techniques
- His book isn’t a mainstream self-help book, but a story that follows a young man who seeks advice from a wise old friend.
他的書不是一般主流的自我成長書，而是一個關於年輕人向睿智老人請教的故事。

frustrated adj. 感到挫折的、沮喪的、氣餒的、無力的
feeling upset, annoyed, or discouraged because you cannot do something or something is not going the way you want
- The young man is frustrated with his job, his relationships, and his sense of direction.
這位年輕人對他的工作、人際關係和人生方向都感到挫折。

sense of direction noun phrase 方向感；人生方向感
the ability to know where you are and where you need to go; also the ability to know the right path in life
- The young man is frustrated with his job, his relationships, and his sense of direction.
這位年輕人對他的工作、人際關係和人生方向都感到挫折。

apply v. 使用、應用
to use something in a practical way
- But as he listens and applies what he learns, his life begins to change.
但當他開始聆聽並運用他所學到的東西時，他的生活開始改變。

content adj. 感到滿足、平靜、心安的
feeling satisfied and peaceful
- The baby looked up at his father with a content smile.
那個嬰兒抬頭看著他的父親，露出一個滿足的微笑。

content n.
to one’s heart’s content  phrase盡情地、痛快地、想做多久就做多久、做到心滿意足。
To do something as much as you want, without limits, until you feel fully satisfied. 
- They played video games to their heart’s content during the long weekend.
他們在長週末時盡情地玩電動，玩到心滿意足。

content n.內容、資訊的內容、演講/文章/影片的主題或資訊
/ˈkɑn.tɛnt/
The information, ideas, or material included in a speech, text, video, or discussion.
- Make sure the content of your speech is not only informative but also engaging.
確保你的演講內容不只是有資訊性，還要有吸引力。

according to 介系詞片語（prepositional phrase）
Based on what someone says.
- According to the book, “the Present” is not a gift or an object.
根據這本書，「當下」不是一個禮物或物品。

engaged in + 名詞 從事於……、參與……、忙於……
To be involved in an activity; to be busy doing something.
- He is engaged in volunteer work.
他正從事志工工作。
- The students were engaged in a group discussion.
學生們正在進行小組討論。

free from + noun 沒有……、免於……、不受……影響
Not affected by something; not having something undesirable.
- The air here is free from pollution.
這裡的空氣沒有污染。
- She wants to live a life free from stress.
她想過一個沒有壓力的生活。

regret n. 對自己做過或沒做的事感到難過、失望
a feeling of sadness or disappointment about something you did or did not do
- He has no regrets about his decision.
他對自己的決定沒有遺憾。

productive adj. 能產生很多成果、效率高、有效率的
able to produce a lot; achieving good results 
- I had a very productive day at work.
我今天在工作上非常有成效。

Deep Dive

it takes practice expression / phrase 需要練習；要靠練習才能做到
A phrase meaning that a skill cannot be mastered immediately; you need time and repeated effort to improve.
- It takes practice to build confidence and improve this skill.
建立自信並提升這項技能是需要練習的。

Usage Tip

Never / Seldom / Hardly / Rarely / Barely + 助動詞 + 主詞 + 動詞…
注意：動詞必須跟助動詞搭配（do/does/did/have/has/can 等）

Never have I seen such a beautiful place. = 我從來沒看過這麼美的地方。
（原句：I have never seen such a beautiful place.）

Seldom do we go out on weekdays. = 我們平日很少外出。
（原句：We seldom go out on weekdays.）

The Benefits of Container Gardening (1)

Discover why many people like this gardening method
淺談「容器園藝」 為什麼許多人喜歡 這種園藝方式？

Do you love gardening, but you don't have a yard? If that's the case, consider container gardening. This method involves growing plants in pots and containers rather than in the ground. Container gardening is a great way to grow flowers, herbs, vegetables, fruit trees and more. There are many advantages to this gardening method. 

To begin with, you don't need much space. A balcony, roof or any other outdoor area that receives direct sunlight will work. In fact, a sunny, indoor kitchen windowsill is perfect for a few small plants. This gives you easy access to herbs and vegetable s as you prepare meals. The key is to choose a spot that receives a good deal of sunlight. 

Unless they're too big or heavy, containers are portable. This allows you to move your plants inside if necessary. Or you can move your plants into the shade on extremely hot days. Containers allow you to place your plants wherever they'll grow best. 

Language Lab

advantage n.
something that helps you to be more successful than others, or the state of having this
- It is thought to be an advantage when a sports team plays in their hometown.
- What are the advantages of studying a foreign language?
- It will be your advantage later in life to take your studies seriously now. 

indoor adj.
used or happening inside a building
- Betty bought several indoor plants to decorate her apartment. 
- We stayed at this hotel because it has a heated, indoor swimming pool.
- Bob planted a small indoor garden in his basement so he has fresh vegetables all year round.

access n.
the right to enter a place, use something, see someone etc
- Without any access to a computer, it is impossible for Lillian to complete the homework. 
- You will gain access to the garden area by taking the path your right. 
access v.
to find information, especially on a computer
- Naomi had to go to the bank in person to access her bank account. 

extremely adv.
/ɪkˈstriːmli/
to a very great degree
- It is extremely difficult to pass this professor's tests. 
- The demand for houses in this city is so great that prices are extremely high.
in the extreme phrase
to a very great degree
- Haley's reaction to not passing her driver's test was one of anger in the extreme. 

bonsai n.

a tree that is grown so that it always stays very small, or the art of growing trees in this way

Info Cloud

Topic: lead someone down the garden path

Leap Day

It's time for an extra day on the calendar
閏年到 今年，日曆上多了一天喔！

Every four years, the calendar looks different. An extra day is added to keep our human-made calendar in sync with the astronomical year. The primary reason for this is that our calendar is 365 days in length. But Earth's orbit around the sun takes approximately 365.2422 days. To prevent our calendar from drifting out of sync, February 29 appears on the calendar every four years. Julius Caesar was behind the move back in 45 B.C. 

Interestingly enough, an astronomical year is actually slightly less than 365.25 days. So adding an extra day every four years results in about three extra days every 400 years. For this reason, only one out of every four century years is appointed as a leap year. Century years are only considered leap years if they can be divided evenly by 400. Therefore, 1700, 1800 and 1900 were not leap years. And 2400 will be the next century year that is a leap year. 

Keeping the calendar correct is no easy matter!