DO YOU KNOW WHERE YOUR EMAILS ARE GOING? (1)

Is it OK to forward other people’s emails?
你的電郵被擅自轉傳？！ 轉寄他人電子郵件不可不知的事！

Maureen and Paul are chatting on a video call. Maureen just found out that Paul forwarded an email that she had sent him. She is upset because the email was about a disagreement she and a mutual friend are having. She asked his opinion about what to do. She also said some negative things about that person in her email. 

Hey, Maureen, how are you?

To tell you the truth, I am very upset with you! I can't believe you forwarded my email to Bill. He called me last night to talk about what I had said.

I don't understand why you're so offended. He's a good friend of Patty's, so I wanted to ask him what he thought.

My email to you was confidential. If I'd wanted to discuss the situation with Bill, I would have emailed him! He could easily tell her what I said or even forward the email to her.

He won't do either one. 

I certainly hope not! Would you have even told me you forwarded it to Bill if I hadn't confronted you?

Probably not because I didn't think you'd care.

Not care? What if what I said gets back to Patty? I was asking for you to advise me, not share my problem with others. 

Info Cloud

Topic: being forward 講話很直接的意思

Hello friends. And welcome back to this month's Info Cloud. I am your host, Rex. And I am joined in the studio by my co-host, Andrea. We are excited you are joining us and cannot wait to ...

Uh, Rex... Hi, Rex. I hope I am not being too forward, but we need to move this introduction along. We've got a lot to teach today. 

Oh. Not at all, Andrea. In fact, you just introduced our audience to this month's first phrase: being forward. 

I did. Didn't I? Hello friends. If someone is speaking honestly and confidently, it means they're being forward. 

But, Andrea, being honest and confident when you talk is a good thing. 

Well, yes, that's true.

Well, then why did you say you hoped you were not being too forward?

Well, that's a great question, Rex. So whenever you're being forward in a conversation, sometimes it can sound rude or even disrespectful even though it's the truth.

So it this case, my introduction was a bit long. 

So I honestly and confidently reminded you to get going with today's lesson. 

Even though you risk offending me by telling me the truth that we're running out of time. 

Exactly. I was being forward with you, Rex. But not to forward, I hope. Well, friends, we hope that you understand this phrase and the difference between being forward but not too forward. 

Language Lab
mutual adj. 共同的, 相互的
shared between two or more people or groups
- Sarah and Bob seem to have a mutual understanding of what needs to be done to develop this farm into one that makes money. 
- On this team you need to have mutual trust in one another's work.
- When Henry told Maria that he loved her, she told him that her feelings were mutual.

offend v. 冒犯
to cause (a person or group) to feel hurt, angry, or upset by something said or done
- The president's statements offended many people who were struggling to make ends meet.
- Leslie became offended when her friends didn't invite her to go shopping with them. 
- Nowadays it seems that people are offended no matter what you say. 

confidential adj.
secret or private
- Her doctor's report is confidential, so you won't be able to see it.
- Every government has many confidential documents that are never revealed.
- When Helen found out that Thomas had told his friends about her confession, which she told him to keep confidential, she was furious.

advise v.
to give an opinion or suggestion to someone about what should be done : to give advice to (someone)
- Patty advised Sabrina not to wear her green sundress to the wedding because it wasn't dressy enough.
- Kay's parents advised her to attend the university that offered her the largest scholarship.
- Laura has been advised to start saving 10 percent of her salary every month, but she likes to shop and eat out too much to do so.

to gossip vs. vent

SEEING SABAH (1)

A paradise for nature lovers
遇見沙巴 大自然愛好者的 魅力天堂

If you say you're going to Sabah, people will likely ask, "Where is that?" This Malaysian state on the island of Borneo entices some tourists but isn't very well known. But those who do visit experience amazing natural beauty. According to one National Geographic study, Sabah has more animals and plants in 10 square kilometers than North America and Europe combined.

Many people climb Mount Kinabalu, which, at 4095 meters, is Malaysia's highest mountain. Steep trails wind up the mountain through moss-covered forests. 

Four to five hours of climbing takes you to huts where you can spend the night. It is not unitl the next morning that you can climb to the top. The three-hour climb to the summit begins at 2 a.m. Once there you will be rewarded with a spectacular sunrise.

After your climb, enjoy the Japanese-style baths at Poring Hot Springs. The heat and the minerals in the water will soothe your sore muscles. You can also explore the rich vegetation nearby. You can take in the tropical gardens, a butterfly farm and an orchid conservation center. 

Language Lab

entice v.
/ɪnˈtaɪs/
to attract (someone) especially by offering or showing something that is appealing, interesting, etc.
- The aroma that flowed out of bakery enticed people to stop in and buy some bread. 
- The promise of money sometimes entices people to be criminals.
- Cigarette advertisements have been banned for a long time because they enticed too many young people to smoke. 

moss n.
a type of green plant that has very small leaves and no flowers and that grows on rocks, bark, or wet ground
- When Brody was fishing, he slipped on some moss-covered rocks, fell into the river and almost drowned. 
- The north side of the house, which receives a little sunlight, is covered with moss. 
mossy adj.
- The little boys kept slipping off the high, mossy fence when they tried to climb over it. 

steep vs. gradual

steep adj.
almost straight up and down : rising or falling very sharply

gradual adj.
moving or changing in small amounts : happening in a slow way over a long period of time

to be wound up (tight)
example: toy
nervous or excited

mineral n.

- The Acme Company is mining for minerals in the southern part of the continent. 
- Many food companies add vitamins and minerals to their products to make sure people are getting enough nutrition in their diets. 
- Nuts, eggs and beans are among the foods that have been found to be rich in minerals. 

soothe v.
- Emily picked up the crying baby and soothed her by rocking her. 
- On many British detective shows, you will notice that people have a cup of tea to soothe their nerves.
- Nora always plays some soft, soothing music while she's getting ready for bed. 

AI STYLISTS (1)

Styling advice doesn’t have to come from a human
穿什麼好呢？問AI吧！ 造型建議不見得都得向「人」請教

Imagine looking through 3.7 million outfits online in search of just the right fit. sounds like an impossible task, doesn't it? Not anymore - artificial intelligence (AI) stylists make such a task possible. An AI stylist is a computer algorithm that can put together outfits. It works by scouring the internet in a very similar way to the Google search engine. The program searches for clothing images on fashion blogs, online stores and social media, collecting thousands of outfits created by human stylists. 

The program can also "read" text and pick out important details about each article of clothing. Both the images and text are stored in a data set from which the AI stylist makes fashion suggestions for people based on their personal preferences. An AI stylist can assemble tens of thousands of outfits to display to millions of shoppers online. This data set of outfits is constantly updated and controlled by a team of people. The team helps the computer improve the algorithms which in turn helps the AI stylist put together better outfits for a customer. 

Info Cloud

Topic:  roll up your sleeves 蓄勢待發

The article talks about AI stylists, computer algorithms that can help you put together outfits.

Hi friends, welcome to Info Cloud. Rex, you look exhausted. How are you doing?

It’s been intense. I’ve ROLLED UP MY SLEEVES as we’ll start touring multiple cities for our new stage play soon.

You can do it! Praying for a good tour. Now, let’s talk more about the term ROLL UP YOUR SLEEVES.

To ROLL UP YOUR SLEEVES means to prepare or get ready to work hard. In the past, most people wore long-sleeved shirts to work, so it was common to physically ROLL UP YOUR SLEEVES before starting a big task.

Yes. We can say, “We need to record one month’s worth of Info Cloud videos today, so let’s ROLL UP OUR SLEEVES and start filming right away.”

Good example. We can also use ROLL UP YOUR SLEEVES when talking about preparing for work done as a group.

We can say, “After the typhoon, the company’s staff all ROLLED UP THEIR SLEEVES to clean out the flooded basement.”

Yes, Studio Classroom staff literally did that back in 2001 after Typhoon Nari.

Well, that’s all for today, friends. Remember to ROLL UP YOUR SLEEVES and mentally prepare yourself before starting a challenging task.


Language Lab

..(to) put together [phrasal verb]
to create (something) by joining or gathering parts together
- All teachers have to put together their course outlines and give them to the head of the department by Monday. 
- I would never have put that color of shirt together with that color of pants, but they look surprisingly good together. 
..(to) put together [phrasal verb]
used to say that someone or something is greater than the total of all the other people or things mentioned
- Marlene always looks so put together no matter what she is doing. 

(to) scour v.
/ˈskawɚ/ 
to search (something) carefully and thoroughly
- Charlie scoured the western part of the city looking for a suitable house to buy. 
- Be sure to scour your rental lease to make sure you understand all of the conditions. 
(to) scour v.
to clean (something) by rubbing it hard with a rough object
- This pan is really dirty and needs to be scoured to get it clean.

algorithm n.
a set of steps that are followed in order to solve a mathematical problem or to complete a computer process

preference n.
a feeling of liking or wanting one person or thing more than another person or thing
- The amount of cream and sugar you add to your coffee is your personal preference. 
- Alan has a strong preference regarding which university he wants to attend next year. 
- Do you have a preference for which candidate wins the election?

(to) update v.
to change (something) by including the most recent information
- You need to update your phone.
update n.
a report that includes the most recent information about something
- I need an update on what has been happening in the office since I've been gone for two weeks. 
- The doctor's update on Leon's condition is very positive.

SIT TO REST, AND STAND TO FEEL BETTER! (2)

The more you move, the healthier both your mind and body will likely be. Sitting, of course, is not always bad. Sitting is one of our bodies' modes of rest, like lying down. Sitting for short periods of time isn't a cause for concern. The problems come when you sit for hours on end. So how can you avoid sitting for extended periods of time?

There are many ways to break up your sitting time. If you can, get up and move every 30 minutes, or stand rather than sit. 

Walk around whenever possible. When you go places in your building, take the stairs instead of the elevator. If you have a job where you sit at a desk, consider getting a standing desk. When you are chatting on the phone, stand or walk around while talking. If you spend all day sitting at school, leave your classroom and stretch between classes. The more you move, the better you will probably feel. So why are you still sitting? Get up and move! 

Info Cloud

Topic: sit still, sit through

Welcome to Info Cloud! Rex, as a dad are there certain phrases that you say again and again to your kids?

Oh, yes. Phrases like "Use your manners”, "Finish your food", and "Get ready to go!"

Now those are important phrases. Another one I often hear parents use is SIT STILL.

Ah, that's a good one to talk about. When you SIT STILL you sit without moving a lot. It's hard to expect younger kids to sit still for a long time.

You are right. It can be hard for adults, too. Kids might hear their teachers say SIT STILL in class. Sometimes I have to tell myself these words - just to find a moment to rest. So sometimes it’s a good thing.

That's true. It's good to sit still and rest. It can help you reflect and then move ahead with the rest of your day.

Another phrase with SIT is SIT THROUGH.

When you SIT THROUGH something like a meeting or a long class, you stay until the end - even if it is hard to do that.

You can say Sara sat through a three hour meeting and finally got to share her part at the very end.

Or Leo had to sit through four speeches until it was the speakers turn who he really wanted to hear.

Well friends, thank you for sitting through Info Cloud today! We hope it wasn't hard. Now don't sit still - go and practice these phrase with a friend!

Language Lab

concern n.
a feeling of worry usually shared by many people
- Tommy's behavior was the cause of his parents' concern when he was little, but now he is a polite young man.
- The decline in the number of bees in the world is causing a lot of concern for scientists. 
- Sharon turned her concern for the lost boy into action, and she finally located his parents.

(to) break up [phrasal verb]
to separate into parts or pieces or cause (something) to separate into parts or pieces
- When I want to break up my work, I go for a short walk and drink a cup of coffee. 
- I can't hear you because your voice is breaking up, so I'll call you back.
break up : to end a romantic relationship, marriage, etc.
- Everyone was shocked when Brady and Jasmine broke up.

to + (v) + for hours on end

(to) chat v.
to talk with someone in a casual way
- Whenever Grace and Lily get together, they chat for hours.
- Mary always chats with her mother as they cook dinner together. 
chat n.
to talk with someone in a casual way
- Bob and I had a long chat last night and caught up on what's been happening the past few months.

probably adv.
very likely : almost certainly
- If you would get some exercise, you would probably feel better.
- Arthur and his friends will probably go to Sweden this summer.
- "Lord of the Rings" is probably the best movie I've ever seen.

to pace v.
to walk back and forth across the same space again and again especially because you are nervous
- He paced the floor/room.

sedentary lifestyle 
/ˈsɛdn̩ˌteri/
doing or involving a lot of sitting : not doing or involving much physical activity
- Editing the dictionary is a sedentary job.
- The work is very sedentary.
- Their health problems were caused by their sedentary lifestyles/lives.

SIT TO REST, AND STAND TO FEEL BETTER! (1)

If you are sitting, you might want to think about standing
別久坐，站起來！ 如果能站著，那就不要坐著

If I asked you to guess how long you sit each day, what would you say? Three hours? Maybe four? More? Would it take you by surprise to know that the average adult sits about 6.5 hours daily? The average teenager sits for eight hours a day. Does that seem disturbing? Now think about that first question again.

Would your answer be greater than you said at first? Does that make you uneasy? It should. 

You likely spend a lot of time sitting down during the day. That should disturb you because sitting appears to be directly connected to several health problems. Sitting for long periods of time can result in high blood pressure and weight gain. 

Sitting for too long can also affect your mental health. People who spend most of their day sitting are likely to be depressed. They are also more likely to have problems with anxiety. Luckily, there is a way to avoid the negative effects of long-term sitting. The solution is movement. 

Info Cloud

Topic: sit tight, sit on the fence 坐著不動/左右為難

Welcome to Info Cloud Friends! I hope you’re sitting down for this lesson!

Why Andrea? Are you going to give us some bad news?

No! But we are going to share a few idioms using the verb “sit”.

Before we do, let’s talk about what you just said, I hope you’re sitting down.

If someone is going to say something shocking, they might be afraid the other person could faint. So they will suggest sitting down first.

Nowadays we might use this phrase to prepare someone to hear a surprise, but we probably don’t really expect them to fall over!

What if we ask someone to SIT TIGHT?

That just means remain in one place, or don’t move.

For example, a waiter might say, I’ll be right back with your change, sit tight.

I’ve also heard of someone SITTING ON THE FENCE. That sounds uncomfortable!

If someone is sitting on the fence that means they’re having trouble deciding between two things. Maybe they want to delay making their choice.

Riley was accepted by two universities, so now she’s sitting on the fence about which one to attend.

We hope you’re not sitting on the fence when it comes to learning more English! Sometimes it’s hard, but just sit tight and keep practicing!

Language Lab

average adj.
ordinary or usual
- The average first grader in America spends 10 minutes a day on homework.
- This winter is colder than average.
- Bill is about 25 and of average height and weight. 

(to) disturb v.
to worry or upset (someone)
disturbing adj.
- Many parents find it disturbing to see how much time their kids spend playing video games. 
disturb v.
to stop (someone) from working, sleeping, etc. : to interrupt or bother (someone or something)
- Brett disturbs anyone who sits near him in class by continually talking to them. 
- The dogs outside Melanie's window were so noisy that they disturbed her sleep.

depressed adj.
feeling sad
- Eva was depressed for days after she failed her biology test, but then she determined to study harder. 
depressed adj.
having little economic activity and few jobs : suffering from economic depression
- The northern part of the state is a very depressed area with a lot of poverty and lack of opportunity. 
depressed adj.
凹陷的
- This depressed area of the Earth is full of hot rocks.

anxiety n.
/æŋˈzajəti/
fear or nervousness about what might happen
- Many children experience a lot of anxiety at the start of a school year. 
- Dylan's anxiety was so severe that his doctor put him on medication. 
social anxiety n. 
- Social anxiety is becoming more common in some societies. 

THE NEW SPACE RACE (1)

Space tourism is no longer just science fiction
新太空競賽 太空旅行不再只是科幻小說 by Beren Tofino

On Christmas Eve in 1968, astronauts orbiting the moon photographed Earth. That picture, "Earthrise," is considered one of the most important photographs of all time and provided a brand-new perspective on the world. 

Back then you'd rarely encounter words like "spaceport" outside of science fiction. But these days spaceport routinely appears in mainstream news reports because private companies have started building them and flying tourists into space. 

The original Space Race was a 20th century competition between global superpowers. But now there's a new space race that is less political and more commercial. 

It's a rivalry between billionaire entrepreneurs who have entered the space industry with competing companies. 

With goals that include building industrial bases in space and colonies on Mars, their ambitions are bigger than their bank accounts. So they are competing for contracts to build the next lunar lander and lease rocket launch sites as well as signing up passengers.

Almost anyone can buy a ticket to visit space as a tourist if they have enough money! Unfortunately, space tourism currently is a luxury experience for the superrich because the cost is as high as the destination - astronomical. But still, imagine taking a vacation selfie with Earth in the background!

Info Cloud
Topic: launch into something, launch out on something 開始談論/投入新事物

Welcome to Info Cloud! Rex, I have to say, I'm so excited about today. I think we should just launch into our time together!

Let's do that! Let's launch into today's topic!

And friends, today we are talking about LAUNCH INTO SOMETHING!

When you launch into something you start saying something with a lot of energy.

You can say, "The teacher launched into many words of encouragement for her students. She praised them for doing such a great job over the past week."

Or  Kevin caught a big fish while fishing over the weekend. He launched into the story of the big catch as soon as he got home.

Now we can use this phrase when we share something with enthusiasm, but it can also be used if you are angry or have a lot of emotion about a topic.

You can say Dad launched into a speech about his son's lack of discipline in school when he saw his test scores.

Or the customer launched into complaining about the service at the restaurant while waiting for their order.

Now you can also LAUNCH OUT ON SOMETHING. When you launch out on something, you begin doing something that is new and different.

You can say Jenn is launching out on a new career. She was a teacher and now she is launching into a medical career. So friends, can you launch into practicing these phrases today? Or maybe you are going to launch out on something new that you want to share!

Language Lab

perspective adj. 思考問題的角度或觀點
- Elaine feels that parents should pay for their kids to go on the class trip, while Pete’s perspective is that each kid should earn their own money to go.
- When thinking about wars, it is good to have a historical perspective of countries’ relationships.
- A woman’s perspective is completely different from a man’s when it comes to harassment.

mainstream adj. 主流的
- The company my brother works for holds beliefs that are considered mainstream in our society.
- Mainstream media really supports that presidential candidate this year.
- Even though some kids are deaf or have learning challenges, they are included in mainstream education in some countries.

rivalry n. 相互較勁 
- There is an intense rivalry between the two schools in sports and debate. |
- Ethnic rivalries were the cause of war in Eastern Europe in the 90s.
rival n. 競爭對手
- When Edith became unhappy with her job, she quit and went to work for a rival company.

lease v. 租借或租用
- My friend prefers to lease a car instead of buying one.
- Nate needs to find an apartment to lease before he moves to New York City.
lease n.租約或租契
- Shirley just signed a two-year lease on an apartment in an eastern suburb of the city.

orbit n.

the curved path that something (such as a moon or satellite) follows as it goes around something else (such as a planet)

rotate v.
to move or turn in a circle

stranger than fiction

SIGN LANGUAGE (2)

Deaf people and hearing people have many strong opinions about sign language. Some contend that deaf people should learn to read lips instead of signing. They argue that deaf people who only sign are isolated and cut off from the rest of society. Many people disagree, claiming that ASL is simply their natural language. Educators debate whether American deaf people should use ASL or one of the other varieties of signed English. 

Whether you're deaf or hearing, learning sign language can be an enriching experience. It can help you make new friends. If you're hearing, perhaps you'll want to become an interpreter for the Deaf. You can help them understand talks or deal with medical or legal situations. 

Maybe you could become a teacher of the Deaf yourself. If you ever have a deaf child, you will be able to use sign language as a tool of communication. 

Don't worry that sign language is too hard to learn. It really can be as easy as ABC.

Info Cloud

A sign of the times 時代特徵
- It's a sign of the times that more people are working from home.

a short sign 
- Her diamond ring is a sure sign that she's engaged.

Language Lab
contend v. 聲稱 主張
to argue or state (something) in a strong and definite way
- Around 2500 to 3000 years ago, people contended that the Earth was flat.
contend v. 
to compete with someone or for something
- Athletes from around the world traveled to Tokyo this last summer to contend for gold medals in their various sports. 
contend with [phrasal verb] 應付
contend with (something) : to deal with (something difficult or unpleasant)
- Every summer it seems farmers have to contend with too much or too little rain. 

isolate v.
to put or keep (someone or something) in a place or situation that is separate from others
- Two of the skiers were isolated from their group by an unexpected snowstorm in the mountains.   
- To prevent the spread of Covid, people were isolated for two weeks if they had been exposed to someone who had it or had traveled abroad.
- It is very easy for immigrants to feel isolated.                                                                                              
enrich v. 使豐富 使充實
to improve the quality of (something) : to make (something) better
- Rob feels his mind was enriched when he went to college because he was exposed to information he had never heard before.
- Milk is often enriched with vitamin D to make sure people get enough of this vitamin.
- Financial advisors attract new clients with the promise of enriching their financial status.

interpreter n.
a person who translates the words that someone is speaking into a different language
- Sonia is a Russian interpreter at the United Nations in New York.
- When Marigold first moved to Spain, she communicated through an interpreter.
interpret v.
to explain the meaning of (something)
- Leah's refusal to work overtime was interpreted as a lack of commitment to her job, but in reality, she had a young child at home to care for. 

NATURAL SWEETENERS FOR GOOD HEALTH (2)

Healthier ways to sweeten your food
天然甜滋味──健康零負擔 用更健康的方式滿足想吃甜食的慾望

Monk fruit powder

For centuries people have used monk fruit for health purposes, making it a very popular Chinese medicine. Today the native Chinese fruit is also used as a natural sweetener in its powdered form. The powder boasts zero calories, and you only need a small amount to add sweetness. It's more than 150 times sweeter than regular sugar. The powder is a great choice for those with diabetes because it doesn't raise blood sugar levels.

Stevia

Stevia is another sweetener that comes in a powder. It comes from the small stevia bush and can help with weight loss.

Maple syrup

One of the most used natural sweeteners is a syrup that comes from ample trees. Pure maple syrup boasts a great number of health benefits. It has even been studied for its ability to slow the growth of cancer cells.

The next time your sweet tooth demands something sweet, feel free to give in. Just be sure to keep it natural. 

Info Cloud

Topic: maple syrup 楓糖

Welcome to Info Cloud. Now as a Canadian, I am a huge fan of maple syrup. Rex, do you enjoy maple syrup? 

I absolutely do, and other maple treats like maple cookies, maple candy, maple doughnuts... 

OK, Rex... I think you need to stop. You are making me homesick. Now when you think of maple syrup, do you ever think of a sugar bush or a sugar shack? 

Uh, actually, no. How do those things connect to maple syrup? 

Well, let's talk about that. A sugar bush is a forest of maple trees, mostly black maple and sugar maple trees. 

Uh. So you get the maple syrup from the... sugar bush? No, no. You tap the maple trees to collect the sap. That's the sweet stuff that comes from the tree. 

So the sap is not maple syrup? 

Not yet. The sap is taken to the sugar shack. A sugar shack is a small house or cabin. The sugar shack is usually not too far from the sugar bush. Now the collected sap from the maple trees is boiled in the sugar shack to make maple syrup. 

Wow. This is so sweet and interesting. 

So, friends, next time you enjoy some maple syrup, maybe you can think about these new words, "sugar bush" and "sugar shack," and think about the roles that they play in making maple syrup.

很多人都喜歡加拿大的楓糖餅乾或是楓糖甜甜圈等產品，因為加拿大是盛產 maple syrup 楓糖的國家，maple syrup 的特色就是美味可口又營養豐富，加拿大有很多長滿楓樹的森林，人們稱它為 sugar bush，字面上是充滿糖的灌木叢，是不是相當貼切? 在 sugar bush 當中，人們會從楓樹上蒐集製造楓糖的汁液，叫做 sap，然後把蒐集到的 sap 帶到 sugar shack 楓糖屋裡面，提煉出大家使用的 maple syrup楓糖。

Language Lab

native adj. 原生的、本土的
born in a particular place
belonging to a person since birth or childhood
produced, living, or existing naturally in a particular region
- This particular flower is native to the island.
這個特定品種的花，是這個島的原生種。
- What is your native language?
你的母語是什麼?
- After graduate school, Agnes returned to her native country, Greece.
Agnes 從研究所畢業後，就回到祖國希臘去了。

boast v. 以擁有...而自豪
to have (something that is impressive)
- Italy boasts some of the greatest museums in the world.
義大利以擁有世界上數一數二的博物館而自豪。
boast v. 吹噓、誇耀
to express too much pride in yourself or in something you have, have done, or are connected to in some way
- Parents are usually proud of their kids and boast about their achievement.
父母們常常以自己的孩子而自豪，並且誇耀他們的成就。
- Never boast about how much money you’ve made or you won’t have any true friends.
永遠不要誇耀自己賺多少錢，否則你不會有真正的朋友。

pure adj. 不參雜的、純粹的
not mixed with anything else
- The dress Lydia wore to the formal dinner was made of pure silk.
Lydia 穿去正式晚宴的這件洋裝是純蠶絲製成的。
- It was by pure chance that I ran into the governor on his morning walk.
我遇見正在早晨散步的州長，純屬巧合。
- It is very difficult to find a supply of pure water in this area.
在這個地區裡，要找到純水的資源是非常困難的事。

give in [phrasal verb] 勉強同意或屈服
to stop trying to fight or resist something : to agree to do or accept something that you have been resisting or opposing
- Even though she was trying to lose weight, Janice gave in and bought some strawberry ice cream when she went to the store.
雖然Janice 要減重，但是她去商店買東西時，還是忍不住買了一些草莓冰淇淋。
- The old house’s roof finally gave in during the storm.
這棟老房子的屋頂在暴風雨中，最終還是堅持不住 (換句話說，就是倒塌了)。
- Oliver’s mother finally gave in to his pleas to go swimming with his friends.
Oliver的母親最後禁不起Oliver一再的請求，還是讓他跟朋友去游泳了。